Strong Points in Providing Good Feedbacks

 Overall, I think there are many potential difficulties or limitations associated with each module. For example, Connectionist Model of Feedback Effects involves dealing with mathematical rules, neural network simulations, and concepts like pattern matching and prototype extraction. Understanding the intricacies of connectionist models and neural networks might be complex. However, ensuring accurate interpretation of mathematical rules and their application within neural network simulations is crucial for effective understanding. The challenge to Certitude Model of Feedback is that dealing with the subjectivity of response certitude and its use in the feedback process. Assessing the stability of response certitude estimates and their validity for prescribing feedback could be complex. Its insight is to recognize the potential inconsistencies in response certitude as a self-report measure and considering alternative variables that might influence changes in certitude. Five-Stage Model of Mindfulness grasping the concept of mindfulness in the context of the feedback process. Understanding how feedback can either promote or inhibit learning based on the level of mindfulness involved. Recognizing the importance of the learner's mental state, search strategies, and adjustments in the feedback process and understanding how these factors contribute to effective learning. Therefore, I believe each module presents unique aspects that require careful consideration.

Two Strong Points in Providing Good Feedbacks

i. The Certitude Model of Feedback recognizes the importance of individual differences in response certitude. It suggests that feedback can be adapted based on the learner's level of certainty, tailoring the feedback to the learner's specific needs. This individualization enhances the potential effectiveness of feedback by addressing the unique cognitive processes and confidence levels of each learner.

ii. The Five-Stage Model of Mindfulness emphasizes the concept of mindfulness in the learning process. It highlights the significance of engaged and reflective learning. When feedback encourages mindfulness, it promotes deeper cognitive engagement and better understanding. This approach recognizes that the effectiveness of feedback is not just about the information provided but also about how learners interact with and reflect upon that information.

Two Points for Improvement

i. The Connectionist Model of Feedback Effects introduces the complexity of neural network simulations and mathematical rules within connectionist models. Improving the accessibility and interpretability of such models is essential. Simplifying explanations and providing concrete examples could enhance the understanding of these models.

ii. The Certitude Model acknowledges the subjectivity of response certitude. Ensuring the stability and reliability of response certitude estimates is a challenge. Exploring ways to make this measure more objective or identifying additional variables that influence changes in certitude could enhance the model's robustness and practical applicability.

In summary, while individualization and mindfulness stand out as strong points in the feedback models discussed, there is room for improvement in terms of simplifying complex models and addressing the subjectivity and stability of response certitude. Continuous refinement in these areas would contribute to more effective and universally applicable feedback strategies.

Reference

Mory, E. H. (2004). Feedback research revisited. In D. H. Jonassen (Ed.), Handbook of research on educational communications and technology (pp. 745-783). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Download the pdf.

Emotional intelligence and effective leadership featuring a communication-leadership statement

Emotional intelligence and effective leadership featuring a communication-leadership statement. I believe that one of the effective strategy that I must follow is Self Regulation. Leaders who regulate themselves effectively rarely verbally attack others, make rushed or emotional decisions, stereotype people or compromise their values.Self regulation is all about staying in control. According to Goleman, ‘This element of emotional intelligence also covers leader’s flexibility and commitment to personal accountability.

It is hard for me to choose just one effective strategy for my leadership. So, I just choose what I think that is the essential one, Active Listening. This is the strategy that I already follow and plan to continue is active listening.I believe that as a leader, effective communication is not just about expressing your thoughts but also about understanding others. Active listening involves fully concentrating, understanding, responding, and remembering what is being said. It's a crucial component of emotional intelligence and contributes significantly to effective leadership.

Active Listening involves being present. Ensure that I am fully present in the conversation, both mentally and physically. This means putting away distractions, making eye contact, and showing genuine interest in what others are saying. In addition, I must avoid making premature judgments or forming opinions while the other person is speaking. This requires patience and the ability to withhold assumptions until all information is presented. Moreover, responding to others in a way that demonstrates understanding. This involves paraphrasing or summarizing what the other person has said to ensure clarity and convey that their message has been received.

It is also crucial to ask clarify questions which means that seeking additional information or clarification when needed. This not only shows engagement but also helps in getting a comprehensive understanding of the topic or issue being discussed. Demonstrating empathy by understanding and acknowledging the emotions behind the words. This fosters a positive and supportive communication environment. Overall, by consistently practicing active listening, I aim to strengthen my communication skills, foster stronger relationships within the team, and create an environment where everyone feels heard and valued.

Finally, to communicating as a leader, I must consistently share information openly, ensuring that the team is informed about relevant matters. Transparency builds trust and signals effective leadership. I think I have to encourage and consider diverse perspectives, making others feel valued and included. This promotes a collaborative environment and demonstrates that I appreciate the contributions of every team member. Consistency in communication style and messaging reinforces reliability. When others can predict how I will communicate and know that I am approachable, it contributes to a stable and trusting team dynamic. I also must provide constructive feedback and acknowledge achievements. This shows that I am invested in the growth and development of team members, fostering a positive and supportive culture.

Reference

Arlin Cuncic, M. (2022, November 9). 7 active listening techniques to practice in your daily conversations. Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-active-listening-3024343 

Contributor, S. (2014, August 22). SungardAS brandvoice: Ditching our distractions: The importance of active listening. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/sungardas/2014/08/20/ditching-our-distractions-the-importance-of-active-listening/?sh=5be112363f1b 

How do your emotions impact on your actions?. GBS Corporate Training. (n.d.). https://www.gbscorporate.com/blog/how-do-your-emotions-impact-on-your-actions 

Vasudev, P. (2023, May 25). How to show empathy in Customer Service?. Sprinklr. https://www.sprinklr.com/blog/empathy-in-customer-service/ 

The Enduring Legacy of Classical Greece in Shaping Modern Western Civilization

Introduction

The Western world, a tapestry woven through centuries of historical evolution, bears the imprints of numerous transformative epochs. From the Roman Empire to the Age of Exploration, each era has left an indelible mark on the cultural, political, and societal structures of the West. Yet, at the core of this intricate narrative lies the cradle of democracy, philosophy, and artistic brilliance – Classical Greece. This essay explores the profound and lasting influence of Classical Greece on the development of modern Western society and culture. By examining key aspects such as democracy, philosophy, art and architecture, literature and drama, science and mathematics, the Olympic Games, and language, we unravel the threads that connect the distant echoes of ancient Greece to the vibrant tapestry of contemporary Western civilization.

Democracy

Classical Greece, particularly Athens, birthed the concept of democracy, a political philosophy that resonates through the corridors of time. The Athenian model, with its emphasis on citizen participation, individual rights, and the rule of law, serves as the foundational blueprint for modern democracies. In the United States, for instance, principles of representative democracy and the protection of individual freedoms find their roots in the democratic ideals forged in Classical Greece.

Philosophy

The intellectual legacy of Classical Greece is etched in the works of philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Their inquiries into ethics, metaphysics, and political philosophy have not only shaped Western thought for centuries but also continue to influence ongoing debates about governance, ethics, and the nature of knowledge. The Socratic method, a collaborative argumentative dialogue, remains a cornerstone of modern philosophical discourse and education.

Art and Architecture

Classical Greek art and architecture, exemplified by iconic structures like the Parthenon, have left an enduring mark on Western aesthetics. The influence of Greek architectural elements, such as columns, is evident in contemporary buildings, including the United States Supreme Court and the British Museum. The timeless beauty of Greek design continues to inspire modern architects and artists.

Literature and Drama

The epic poems of Homer and the tragedies of playwrights like Sophocles and Aeschylus have permeated Western literature and drama. From James Joyce's "Ulysses" to Margaret Atwood's "The Penelopiad," themes of heroism, fate, and the complexities of human nature explored in Greek literature resonate in contemporary storytelling. Greek tragedies, with their exploration of the human condition, continue to influence dramatic narratives.

Science and Mathematics

Ancient Greek thinkers, including Pythagoras and Euclid, made groundbreaking contributions to science and mathematics. Euclidean geometry, developed by Euclid, remains a foundational part of modern mathematics education. The logical and deductive reasoning employed by ancient Greek mathematicians laid the groundwork for the scientific method, influencing the approach to scientific inquiry in the modern era.

Olympic Games

The ancient Olympic Games, a celebration of athletic prowess and cultural exchange, find a modern echo in the global spectacle of the Olympics. Initiated in 1896, the modern Olympics draw inspiration from the ancient Greek tradition, with the symbolism of the Olympic flame and the use of Greek terms emphasizing the continuity of this cultural link. The Games serve as a testament to the enduring ideals of physical competition and international unity.

Language and Literature

The Greek language, with its rich literary tradition, has left an enduring mark on Western languages. Many scientific, medical, and philosophical terms have Greek roots, underscoring the ongoing impact of Classical Greece on language and academic discourse. The study of classical Greek literature remains a foundational part of humanities education, connecting modern scholars to the intellectual legacy of ancient Greece.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the contributions of Classical Greece to the fabric of modern Western society and culture are profound and enduring. From the birth of democracy in Athens to the philosophical inquiries of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, from the timeless beauty of Greek art and architecture to the enduring themes of Greek literature and drama, the influence of Classical Greece is woven into the very essence of the Western civilization we know today. As we navigate the complexities of the modern world, we are, in many ways, guided by the echoes of ancient Greece, a testament to the enduring legacy of a civilization that has shaped the course of history for over two millennia.

Reference

A&E Television Networks. (n.d.). Ancient greek democracy - Athenian, definition, modern. History.com. https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-greece/ancient-greece-democracy 

Britishcouncil. (n.d.). How has Greek influenced the English language?. British Council. https://www.britishcouncil.org/voices-magazine/how-has-greek-influenced-english-language 

Greek and roman art and architecture. The Art Story. (n.d.). https://www.theartstory.org/movement/classical-greek-and-roman-art/ 

Hall, E. M. (2022, October 9). The return of ulysses: A cultural history of homer’s odyssey. Academia.edu. https://www.academia.edu/88163942/The_Return_of_Ulysses_A_Cultural_History_of_Homers_Odyssey 

The lasting legacy of Ancient Greek leaders and philosophers. Education. (n.d.). https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/lasting-legacy-ancient-greek-leaders-and-philosophers/ 

Planksip® (2023, June 17). The Legacy of Ancient Greece: Enduring contributions to philosophy and culture. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/legacy-ancient-greece-enduring-contributions-philosophy-culture 

Twinkl.ch. (n.d.). https://www.twinkl.ch/teaching-wiki/olympics 

Why were the ancient greeks more advanced in mathematics and science than in Medicine and Social Sciences?. Quora. (n.d.). https://www.quora.com/Why-were-the-ancient-Greeks-more-advanced-in-mathematics-and-science-than-in-medicine-and-social-sciences 

Intellectual intelligence, social intelligence, cultural intelligence, and emotional intelligence

Intellectual intelligence, social intelligence, cultural intelligence, and emotional intelligence are distinct yet interconnected aspects of human abilities and capacities. Intellectual intelligence, often measured by Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tests, refers to a person's cognitive abilities, problem-solving skills, logical reasoning, memory, and overall intellectual capacity. It is primarily concerned with cognitive processes and analytical thinking. Social intelligence involves the ability to understand and navigate social situations effectively. It includes skills such as empathy, interpersonal communication, conflict resolution, and cooperation. Social intelligence focuses on how well an individual can interact with others, understand social dynamics, and build positive relationships.

Cultural intelligence, or cultural quotient (CQ), is the capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. It involves understanding and adapting to different cultural norms, behaviors, and communication styles. It emphasizes the ability to work and relate to people from diverse cultural backgrounds. Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand, manage, and effectively use one's own emotions and the emotions of others. It involves skills such as self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy, and relationship management. Emotional intelligence focuses on emotions and their role in personal and interpersonal functioning.

Generally, intellectual intelligence primarily concerns cognitive abilities, social intelligence focuses on interpersonal skills, cultural intelligence deals with navigating diverse cultural contexts, and emotional intelligence centers around understanding and managing emotions. Intellectual intelligence is often measured through standardized IQ tests. Social, cultural, and emotional intelligence are typically assessed through various methods, including self-reporting, observation, and specific assessments designed for each domain. In addition, intellectual intelligence is often associated with academic and analytical tasks. Social intelligence is crucial for effective social interactions. Cultural intelligence is important in global or multicultural settings. Emotional intelligence is essential for personal and professional success, emphasizing the understanding and management of emotions. While these intelligences can be discussed separately, they are interconnected. For example, high emotional intelligence often contributes to better social interactions, and cultural intelligence may involve understanding and managing emotions in cross-cultural situations.

As a business owner intended student, understanding one's MBTI type can help me comprehend their preferred work styles, communication patterns, and decision-making approaches. This knowledge can be applied in team settings to enhance collaboration and productivity. I can leverage their MBTI type to gain insights into their leadership strengths and potential blind spots. This self-awareness can contribute to more effective leadership and team management. Tailoring communication strategies based on the preferences of others, which can be inferred from their MBTI types, can lead to more successful negotiations and interactions.

Overall, I think that understanding my personal MBTI type can be a valuable tool for success at university. Identify my preferred learning style based on my MBTI type. For example, if I am more inclined towards sensing, I might benefit from hands-on experiences, while intuitive types may prefer conceptual and theoretical approaches. Tailor my study methods accordingly. Knowing my MBTI type can help me understand my strengths and potential challenges in group settings. Use this awareness to communicate effectively with team members, allocate tasks based on members’ preferences, and foster a collaborative environment. In addition, if I am a judging (J) type, I might prefer structured schedules and deadlines. If I am are a perceiving (P) type, I might be more adaptable and prefer flexibility. Understand my time management preferences and create a study schedule that aligns with my MBTI type.

Moreover, different MBTI types may experience and cope with stress differently. Knowing my type can help me identify effective stress management techniques that align with my preferences. Whether it's taking quiet time alone or seeking support from friends, tailor my self-care strategies accordingly. Identify what motivates me based on my MBTI preferences. Set goals that align with my values and preferences. Knowing how I derive motivation can enhance my commitment to achieving academic and personal objectives.

Reference

About cultural intelligence: Cultural intelligence center. Cultural Intelligence Center - We provide research-based, innovative solutions for assessing, predicting, and improving cultural intelligence (CQ). (2023, July 17). https://culturalq.com/about-cultural-intelligence/ 

Ang, S., Dyne, L. V., & Tan, M. L. (n.d.). Cultural intelligence (Chapter 29) - The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence. Cambridge Core. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/cambridge-handbook-of-intelligence/cultural-intelligence/20BD8F8280DE822190F31A57D6844981 

Bru-Luna, L. M., Martí-Vilar, M., Merino-Soto, C., & Cervera-Santiago, J. L. (2021). Emotional Intelligence Measures: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 9(12), 1696. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9121696

Kendra Cherry, Mse. (2022, December 7). IQ or EQ: Which One is more important?. Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/iq-or-eq-which-one-is-more-important-2795287 

Mosley, L. (2021, February 6). The importance of understanding personality type in the workplace. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-understanding-personality-type-workplace-lauren-copeland

Summer, M. (2022, June 30). 3 ways to use your MBTI type to manage your stress. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/3-ways-use-your-mbti-type-manage-stress-melissa-summer 

Training - JSTOR. (n.d.). https://www.jstor.org/stable/43441951 

The domains of Emotional Intelligence (EI)

Overall, after this week’s reading and study, I think many competences within the domains of Emotional Intelligence (EI) plays a crucial role in my personal and professional success. Self-control enables me to manage my emotions effectively, preventing impulsive and disruptive behavior. As a result, it enhances decision-making, fosters a calm and focused demeanor, and promotes better relationships. For example, I can remaining composed and calm during a high-pressure meeting, avoiding impulsive reactions and maintaining a professional demeanor. Trustworthiness establishes a foundation of credibility and integrity. It builds trust among colleagues, clients, and superiors, leading to stronger relationships and a positive work environment. Being honest about a mistake, taking responsibility, and working to rectify it, thereby maintaining trust with colleagues. 

Conscientiousness encourages accountability and responsibility for my actions. It improves my work performance, reliability, and contributes to a positive organizational culture(Ogunjobi, 2023). Meeting deadlines consistently, being thorough in tasks, and ensuring high-quality work to fulfill my personal and professional responsibilities. Adaptability enables myself to navigate and thrive in dynamic environments. Promotes resilience, openness to change, and the ability to adjust to evolving circumstances. For example, embracing a change in project direction with an open mind, adjusting strategies to align with evolving goals. Innovativeness encourages openness to new ideas and creative problem-solving. Fosters a culture of innovation, leading to improved processes, products, and services(Bhaila, 2023). For example, it also inspire me actively seeking and implementing new and creative solutions to overcome challenges in a project. In addition, Empathy enhances my interpersonal relationships by understanding others' feelings and perspectives(Fabry, 2023). Builds rapport, fosters collaboration, and promotes a supportive work environment.

One competence that reflects in Taiwanese culture is the emphasis on interpersonal relationships and harmony. In Taiwanese culture, it refers to the network of social connections and relationships that are crucial in personal and professional life. It goes beyond mere acquaintanceship and emphasizes a deeper, more interconnected web of relationships. This competence aligns with the domain of Emotional Intelligence, particularly in the aspect of empathy. Building strong interpersonal relationships is seen as essential for success in various aspects of life, including business and professional endeavors. In Taiwanese business culture, for example, establishing and maintaining positive relationships with colleagues, clients, and superiors is often considered equally important as professional competence. This emphasis on empathy and understanding contributes to a collaborative and supportive work environment. It also aligns with the broader East Asian cultural values that stress collectivism, cooperation, and group harmony.

Reference

Arlin Cuncic, M. (2023, May 5). How to develop and use self-regulation in your life. Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/how-you-can-practice-self-regulation-4163536 

Bhaila, P. (2023, August 2). How to foster an innovation culture in your organization. ITONICS. https://www.itonics-innovation.com/blog/how-to-foster-an-innovation-culture 

Cooks, A. (n.d.). Adaptability in the workplace: Defining and improving this key skill. BetterUp. https://www.betterup.com/blog/adaptability 

Fabry, B. (2023, July 4). The importance of empathy in the workplace. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-empathy-workplace-bert-fabry 

Langenberg, E. A. (n.d.). Guanxi and business strategy: Theory and implications ... - researchgate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321609852_Guanxi_and_Business_Strategy_Theory_and_Implications_for_Multinational_Companies_in_China 

Melinda Smith, M. A. (2023, October 5). Improving emotional intelligence (EQ). HelpGuide.org. https://www.helpguide.org/articles/mental-health/emotional-intelligence-eq.htm 

Ogunjobi, T. (2023, November 2). Empowering accountability: Building a culture of responsibility in the workplace.LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/accountability-employee-timi-ogunjobi-rbjsc 

Classical Greek Philosophy is often considered the foundation and bedrock of Western Philosophy

 Classical Greek Philosophy is Indeed often considered the foundation and bedrock of Western Philosophy. The contributions of thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle have had a profound and lasting impact on the development of philosophical thought. These philosophers laid the groundwork for exploring fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, morality, politics, and more. Socrates is often credited as the father of Western philosophy. Although he did not leave any written records of his own, his ideas and methods were recorded by his student Plato. Socrates focused on ethics and the pursuit of virtue, engaging in dialogues with fellow citizens to stimulate critical thinking and self-examination. Plato, a student of Socrates, founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning in the Western world. In his dialogues, Plato explored a wide range of topics, including metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and political philosophy. His famous work "The Republic" delves into the nature of justice and the ideal state. 

A student of Plato, Aristotle made significant contributions to a variety of fields, including metaphysics, ethics, politics, biology, and more. His systematic approach to knowledge laid the groundwork for much of Western science and philosophy. Aristotle's works such as "Nicomachean Ethics" and "Politics" continue to be influential in discussions about virtue, ethics, and governance. The discussions on virtue, morality, and the nature of the good in the works of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle continue to inform ethical debates today. Ideas about governance, justice, and the ideal state discussed by Plato and Aristotle are still foundational to political philosophy and political science. While philosophical thought has evolved over the centuries, the classical Greek philosophers have left an indelible mark on the Western intellectual tradition, and their ideas remain integral to ongoing philosophical inquiry.

The views of Greek philosophers on democracy varied, and different thinkers had different perspectives on the concept of governance and political systems. It's important to note that ancient Greek democracy was not the same as modern representative democracy, and the context of their discussions was within the framework of the city-state (polis).  Socrates' views on democracy are recorded in Plato's dialogues, particularly in "The Apology" and "The Crito." Socrates was critical of the Athenian democracy of his time. He believed that the democratic system, as practiced in Athens, could be easily manipulated by demagogues who appealed to the emotions and prejudices of the masses. Socrates argued for the importance of expertise and knowledge in governance rather than decisions being left entirely to the will of the majority.

Plato was even more critical of democracy. In his work "The Republic," Plato presents an elaborate critique of democracy, considering it an unstable and flawed system. He argued that a society should be governed by philosopher-kings—wise, virtuous individuals who possess a deep understanding of the Forms and are not swayed by the passions of the masses. Plato believed that the rule of the many (democracy) would inevitably degenerate into tyranny. Aristotle's views on democracy are more nuanced. In his work "Politics," Aristotle classified various forms of government, including democracy. He acknowledged both positive and negative aspects of democracy. Aristotle distinguished between a well-ordered or "polity" (a mixed form of government combining elements of democracy and oligarchy) and a degenerate form of democracy. He believed that a well-ordered democracy could promote the common good, but warned against the dangers of extreme populism and advocated for a balance of power.

While these philosophers expressed reservations about certain aspects of democracy, their critiques were rooted in the specific context of ancient Greek city-states. It's important to interpret their views in light of the direct and participatory nature of Athenian democracy, where citizens directly engaged in decision-making. Modern democracies have evolved considerably, incorporating representative elements and institutional checks and balances, which address some of the concerns raised by these ancient philosophers.

In my opinion, democracy is a complex and evolving concept, and its implementation varies across different countries. Supporters argue that democracy provides a mechanism for peaceful governance, protects individual rights, and allows for the expression of diverse viewpoints. Critics, on the other hand, highlight challenges such as the potential for populism, the influence of money in politics, and the limitations of representative systems. The effectiveness of representative democracy, where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf, is a subject of ongoing debate. Questions arise about the accountability of elected officials and the degree to which they truly represent the interests of their constituents.

The level of citizen engagement and participation is crucial to the success of a democracy. Issues such as voter turnout, access to information, and the ability of citizens to actively participate in decision-making processes are important factors. Democracy is often associated with the protection of individual rights and freedoms. Ensuring the rule of law, safeguarding minority rights, and preventing the abuse of power are essential aspects of a healthy democratic system. Modern democracies face challenges such as disinformation, polarization, and the impact of money in politics. These challenges can undermine the integrity of democratic processes and institutions.

Reference

Fieser, J. (Ed.). (n.d.-a). Ancient Greek Philosophy. Internet encyclopedia of philosophy. https://iep.utm.edu/ancient-greek-philosophy/ 

Fieser, J. (Ed.). (n.d.-b). Aristotle (384 B.C.E.—322 B.C.E.). Internet encyclopedia of philosophy. https://iep.utm.edu/aristotle/ 

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Robinson, E. (n.d.). Sage Publications (London, Thousand Oaks, ^c^. https://www.jstor.org/stable/424777 

Rothchild, J. A. (2007). Introduction to Athenian Democracy of the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BCE. Wayne State University Law School Research Paper No. 07-32.