Cyber Crime Defined, Click Frauds, Financial Computer Crime, and White-Collar Computer Crime

Cybercrime and computer crime are both related to Internet crime. The initial role of these technologies was to improve the efficiency and effectiveness by using them correctly. However, its side effects are computer crimes. It often means any violations of criminal law for piracy, data stealing, investigation, or any other crimes. And the economic damages will be also huge since we are more and more dependent on computers and the internet, to supply products and services. The Internet is a double-edged sword that provides many opportunities for goods and also for crimes. It has become a global issue and requires full cooperation at the international level.

Click Frauds

Click fraud is often designed to achieve some click targets fraudulently by programming or by hand and losing the original purposes of clicks. For instance, When you click on an ad displayed on a website, the advertiser typically pays a fee for each click. So, they are supposed to meet the advertisers' purpose, to direct potential buyers to their products.

Financial Computer Crime

Financial crime generally means crimes against property that are unlawful. Financial crimes are mostly profit-driven, involve frauds, and are labeled economic crimes sometimes. For instance, check frauds, credit card frauds, mortgage frauds, medical fraud, and insurance frauds are big issues these days. The victim range is from individuals to institutions, corporations, or even governments.

White-Collar Computer Crime

The theory of profit-driven crime for white-collar crime suggests that financial crimes are opportunity-driven. Basically, I agree with it. Because if every financial crime is profit-driven, it will become jobs for everyone, just like we do for livings.

White-collar crime can be defined in terms of the offense, the offender, or both, which means the people who are seen as white-collar, the things are considered as white-collar computer crimes or both. 

If defined in terms of both perspectives, it against a property for a personal or organizational benefit, plus highly educated and socially connected individuals, typically the persons of respectability who commit crime in the course of their occupation. From the victim's perspective, hacking was the most commonly reported computer crime incident. 

Reference

Gottschalk, P. (2010).  Policing Cyber Crime. Bookboon.